Post-war salvage attempts proved to be failures, though Mutsu ’s No. Their maximum rate of fire was 14 rounds a minute, but their sustained rate of fire was around eight rounds per minute. A new anti-aircraft director, also called the Type 94, used to control the 127 mm AA guns, was introduced in 1937, although when Mutsu received hers is unknown. Completed in 1920 as the lead ship of her class, she carried supplies for the survivors of the Great Kantō earthquake in 1923. On the 8th of June 1943 the Mutsu exploded while moored Hiroshima bay. [13] The ship was also fitted with eight 533-millimetre (21 in) torpedo tubes, four on each broadside, two above water and two submerged. Edit: Did a little revisiting of the museum site and wanted to revise some of my statements. The USS Arizona was a Pennsylvania-class battleship commissioned in the United State Navy in 1916. 1 Basic 2 Upgrade 3 Second Upgrade 4 Quotes 4.1 Hourly Notifications (Kai) 4.2 Seasonal Quotes 5 Notes 5.1 Nagato-class Kai Ni Special Cut-In 5.1.1 Activation Requirements 5.1.2 Cut-In Behavior 6 Character 6.1 Appearance 6.2 Personality 7 Trivia 8 CG 9 See Also Mutsu Nagato Class Battleship Statistics HP 80 (82) Firepower 82 (99) Armor 75 (89) Torpedo 0 Evasion 24 (49) AA 31 (89) Aircraft … Her displacement increased over 7,000 tonnes (6,900 long tons) to 46,690 tonnes (45,950 long tons) at deep load. Second World War 1939-1945, ship wreck, battleship The Mutsu was the sister ship of the battleship Nagato. Type 3 "Sanshikidan" incendiary shrapnel anti-aircraft shells, "Imperial Japanese Navy: Battleship Mutsu", "Omi Village Hijiri Museum & Aviation Museum", Combinedfleet.com: service history – key dates, Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in June 1943, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Japanese_battleship_Mutsu&oldid=986640034, Second Sino-Japanese War naval ships of Japan, Ships sunk by non-combat internal explosions, World War II shipwrecks in the Pacific Ocean, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 8,650 nmi (16,020 km; 9,950 mi) at 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph). [10] The turrets aboard the Nagato-class ships were replaced in the mid-1930s using those stored from the unfinished Tosa-class battleships. The battle ship was named after Mutsu Province, which was the largest city in Japan at the time of its founding in 16th century. [43] Some of the survivors were sent to Truk in the Caroline Islands and assigned to the 41st Guard Force. Mass cremations of recovered bodies began almost immediately after the sinking. [21], The ship's waterline armour belt was 305 mm (12 in) thick and tapered to a thickness of 100 mm (3.9 in) at its bottom edge; above it was a strake of 229 mm (9 in) armour. The building time was approx 6 weeks. 4 turret, anchors, and other parts of the ship — including her bow — were successfully recovered in the 1970s. Mutsu had a length of 201.17 metres (660 ft) between perpendiculars and 215.8 metres (708 ft) overall. Giulio Cesare survived World War I and was heavily modified during the interwar period, receiving an upgraded main armament and a significantly increased speed. [4], In 1927, Mutsu's bow was remodelled to reduce the amount of spray produced when steaming into a head sea. The exact cause of the explosion was never determined, but was probably due to the accidental detonation of a cordite charge. While crawling on the harbour bottom, it became snagged on the wreckage and its crew nearly suffocated before they could free themselves and surface. The, A part of the number three gun turret's armour is on display at Shide Shrine in, One of the 410 mm guns is on display at the, This page was last edited on 2 November 2020, at 02:58. It controlled the main and secondary guns; no provision was made for anti-aircraft fire until the Type 31 fire-control director was introduced in 1932. In the early 1970's, salvage operations were conducted that removed large portions of Mutsu’s wreck from the ocean. These are the 5 worst battelship disasters of all time. 3 turret who had recently been accused of theft and was believed to be suicidal. Captain Teruhiko Miyoshi's body was recovered by divers on 17 June, but his wife was not officially notified until 6 January 1944. The accidents serve to demonstrate the fragility of the world’s most powerful warships, and indeed the fragility of national military prestige itself. The turbines were designed to produce a total of 80,000 shaft horsepower (60,000 kW), using steam provided by 21 Kampon water-tube boilers; 15 of these were oil-fired, and the remaining half-dozen consumed a mixture of coal and oil. Much of the wreck was scrapped after the war, but some artefacts and relics are on display in Japan, and a small portion of the ship remains where it was sunk. Mutsu was specifically listed among those to be scrapped even though she had been commissioned a few weeks earlier. Nagato-class battleship, Mutsu (1943) The battleship Mutsu, February 1937, Yokosuka Classification: Sub Category: 戦艦 / Battleship Class: 長門型 / Nagato class Histori: Mutsu 陸奥 Mutsu is a battleship from the Imperial Japanese Navy. She had a beam of 28.96 meters (95 ft) and a draft of 9 meters (29 ft 6 in). After the war the Italians refloated Leonardo but gave up on reconstructing her because of a lack of funds. They embodied the prestige of the nation, with all of the emotional commitment that implies. Massachusetts was the worst battleship ever made. I think it’s because Mutsu sank where she did, at a remote location within the home waters, and was completely submerged, that she was left alone when the war ended and no effort was made to raise and scrap her. Looming war clouds made the return trip fraught, but the French squadron survived without incident. [47] Historian Mike Williams put forward an alternative theory of fire: A number of observers noted smoke coming from the vicinity of No. [16], In June 1942 Mutsu, commanded by Rear Admiral Gunji Kogure, was assigned to the Main Body of the 1st Fleet during the Battle of Midway, together with Yamato, Nagato, Hōshō, the light cruiser Sendai, nine destroyers and four auxiliary ships. Mutsu left Hashirajima for Kure on 13 April, where she prepared to sortie to reinforce the Japanese garrisons in the Aleutian Islands in response to the Battle of the Komandorski Islands. [7] These additions increased the weight of the ship's armour to 13,032 tonnes (12,826 long tons),[8] 32.6 percent of her displacement. On August 26, 1922 France struck an uncharted rock reef in Quiberon Bay and quickly began to sink. The crew remained in good order, and in the end only three men died. Vanguard served with the Grand Fleet for most of the war, surviving Jutland and several other less consequential actions. Mutsu was struck from the Navy List on 1 September 1943. [16], On 4 September 1923, Mutsu loaded supplies at Uchinoura Bay, Kyushu, for the victims of the Great Kantō earthquake. Sabotage by a disgruntled crewman. A commission led by Admiral Kōichi Shiozawa was convened three days after the sinking to investigate the loss. [16], During the Battle of the Eastern Solomons on 27 August, Mutsu, assigned to the support force,[39] fired four shells at enemy reconnaissance aircraft, the first and only time her guns were fired in anger during the war. Her crew consisted of 1,333 officers and enlisted men as built and 1,368 in 1935.During World War II, the crew totaled around 1,4… [11] The barbettes of the turrets were protected by armour 305 mm thick, and the casemates of the 140 mm guns were protected by 25 mm armour plates. The accident cut France’s capital ship fleet by 1/7th, however, and resulted in the peculiar national humiliation that results when a nation’s namesake ship sinks after hitting a rock (Spain would experience the same heartache a year to the day later, when Espana ran aground and was lost). Given the heavy security at the anchorage and lack of claims of responsibility by the Allies, this could be discounted. Numbered one to four from front to rear, the hydraulically powered turrets gave the guns an elevation range of −2 to +35 degrees. [2] Her crew consisted of 1,333 officers and enlisted men as built and 1,368 in 1935. [15] The 76 mm AA guns were replaced by eight 40-calibre 12.7-centimetre (5 in) dual-purpose guns in 1932,[16] fitted on both sides of the fore and aft superstructures in four twin-gun mounts. The manually operated guns had a maximum range of 20,500 metres (22,400 yd) and fired at a rate of six to ten rounds per minute. Other than participating in the Battle of Midway and the Battle of the Eastern Solomons in 1942, where she did not see any significant combat, Mutsu spent most of the first year of the Pacific War in training. In 1923, a year after commissioning, she carried supplies for the survivors of the Great Kantō earthquake. These changes increased her overall length to 224.94 m (738 ft), her beam to 34.6 m (113 ft 6 in) and her draught to 9.49 metres (31 ft 2 in). Nagato (長門), named for Nagato Province, was a super-dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN). "[50] The salvagers retrieved 849 bodies of crewmen lost during the explosion. She was refitted in early 1941 in preparation for war; as part of this work, she was fitted with external degaussing coils and additional armour for her barbettes. While all of these accidents resulted in loss of life and a reduction of maritime power, they also had a deep impact on the national psyche. Because they might have been the cause of the explosion, the minister of the navy, Admiral Shimada Shigetaro, immediately ordered the removal of Type 3 shells from all IJN ships carrying them, until the conclusion of the investigation into the loss.[16]. Both he and his second in command, Captain Koro Oono, were posthumously promoted to rear admiral, as was normal practice. This made it especially heart-breaking when battleships were sunk in action. [8] Additional fuel oil was stored in the bottoms of the newly added torpedo bulges, which increased her capacity to 5,560 t (5,470 long tons) and thus her range to 8,560 nmi (15,850 km; 9,850 mi) at 16 knots. On 8 December 1941,[Note 3] she sortied for the Bonin Islands, along with Nagato, the battleships Hyūga, Yamashiro, Fusō, Ise of Battleship Division 2, and the light carrier Hōshō as distant support for the fleet attacking Pearl Harbor, and returned six days later. Mutsu, named after Mutsu Province, was a dreadnought battleship built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) at the end of World War I. The Soviet captain took a relaxed attitude towards the situation, believing that the ship would settle into the mud. She was not yet quite complete and was certainly not ready for battle. [29], Mutsu was initially fitted with a Type 13 fire-control system derived from Vickers equipment received during World War I, but this was replaced by an improved Type 14 system around 1925. Rumors abounded that Italian frogmen had destroyed the ship as revenge for the transfer, but no proof ever emerged. After rendezvousing with the remnants of the striking force on 6 June, about half of the survivors from the sunken aircraft carriers of the 1st Air Fleet were transferred to Mutsu. A modified Type 14 fire-control system was tested aboard her sister ship Nagato in 1935 and later approved for service as the Type 94. Accidental explosion within a magazine. As it turned out, the ship took on water unevenly and capsized. On 29 March 1929, the ship was assigned to Battleship Division 3, together with three light cruisers. She carried twelve 12-inch guns in six twin turrets on a twenty-five-thousand-ton hull and could make twenty-one knots. These guns had a maximum elevation of +75 degrees, and a rate of fire of 13 to 20 rounds per minute. 843 men died with the ship, and the wreck remains a protected war grave. Mutsu displaced 32,720 metric tons (32,200 long tons) at standard load and 39,116 metric tons (38,498 long tons) at full load. [16][49] In July 1944, the oil-starved IJN recovered 580 tonnes (570 long tons; 640 short tons) of fuel from the wreck. [1200x825] Contributor: C. Peter Chen ww2dbase Mutsu was the second of two Nagato-class battleships of the Japanese Navy; her construction was the responsibility of naval architect Commander Hiraga Yuzuru. During her 1934–1936 reconstruction, the ship's stern was lengthened by 7.55 metres (24 ft 9 in) to improve her speed, and her forward superstructure was rebuilt into a pagoda mast. [16] To avert the potential damage to morale from the loss of a battleship so soon after the string of recent setbacks in the war effort, Mutsu's destruction was declared a state secret. The French navy commissioned France in July 1914 so that she could deliver the President of France on a state visit to St. Petersburg, Russia. With her sister Nagato, she sank the hulk of the obsolete battleship Satsuma on 7 September 1924 during gunnery practice in Tokyo Bay, in accordance with the Washington Naval Treaty. One of the 140 mm casemate guns was raised in 1963 and donated to the Yasukuni Shrine. Robert Farley, a frequent contributor to TNI, is a Visiting Professor at the United States Army War College. If Nagato Kai is the 2nd ship, Mutsu gains a 1.61x post-cap modifier while Nagato gains a 1.62x post-cap modifier. That June, one of her aft magazines detonated while she was at anchor, sinking the ship with the loss of 1,121 crew and visitors. The ship had a stowage capacity of 1,600 t (1,600 long tons) of coal and 3,400 t (3,300 long tons) of fuel oil,[2] giving her a range of 5,500 nautical miles (10,200 km; 6,300 mi) at a speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph). The Imperial Japanese Navy quickly launched an investigation and discounted the possibility of an enemy attack. The main deck armour was 69 mm (2.7 in) while the lower deck was 75 mm (3 in) thick. In 1995, the Mutsu Memorial Museum declared that no further salvage operations were planned. On 8 June 1943, Mutsu was moored at Hashirajima when the magazine of her No. The commission considered several possible causes: The commission issued its preliminary conclusions on 25 June, well before the divers had completed their investigation of the wreck, and concluded that the explosion was the result of a disgruntled seaman. [23] These 25-millimetre (0.98 in) guns had an effective range of 1,500–3,000 metres (1,600–3,300 yd), and an effective ceiling of 5,500 metres (18,000 ft) at an elevation of 85 degrees. Mutsu history: (from Wikipedia) Mutsu (陸奥) named after Mutsu Province, was the Imperial Japanese Navy's second Nagato class battleship, laid down at the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal on June 1, 1918, launched on May 31, 1920, and completed on Nov 22, 1921. Most of the wreck was salvaged for pre-nuclear detonation steel research after the war until the 80's. Several other battleships experienced serious accidents; the above-mentioned Espana was a total loss in 1923 after running aground, HIJMS Kawachi experienced a magazine explosion in 1918 that sank the ship and killed six hundred men, the Soviet Poltava burned down (yes, indeed) in 1919, the Russian Imperatritsa Mariya suffered a magazine explosion in 1916, and USS Iowa was nearly lost due to a turret explosion in 1989. Third ship of the Conti di Cavour class dreadnoughts, Leonard da Vinci (named after the famous inventor) entered service in May 1914. While the, Many artifacts are displayed at the Mutsu Memorial Museum in, The fully restored No. 3746, a small Nishimura-class search and rescue submarine, explored the wreck on 17 June with a crew of seven officers. To avert the potential damage to morale from the loss of a battleship coming so soon after the string of recent setbacks in the war effort, Mutsu ' s destruction was declared a state secret. While fire in the secure magazines was a very remote possibility, a fire in an area adjacent to the No. Although she had been modernized in the 1930s, some of the Mutsu's original electrical wiring may have remained in use. [2], Mutsu's eight 45-calibre 41-centimetre (16.1 in) guns were mounted in two pairs of twin-gun, superfiring turrets fore and aft. [16] Funding for the ship had partly come from donations from schoolchildren. [40] Following her return to Truk on 2 September, a group of skilled AA gunnery officers and men were detached to serve as instructors to ground-based naval anti-aircraft gunners stationed in Rabaul. [15] In 1933 a catapult was fitted between the mainmast and Turret No. While in storage the turrets were modified to increase their range of elevation to −3 degrees to +43 degrees,[9] which increased the guns' maximum range from 30,200 to 37,900 metres (33,000 to 41,400 yd). Mitsubishi F1M biplanes replaced the E8Ns on 11 February 1943. [2], The new 41 cm turrets installed during Mutsu's reconstruction were more heavily armoured than the original ones. The forward section capsized almost immediately, but the rear section remained afloat until the early morning of the next day. Captain Seiichi Kurose assumed command on 18 November and the ship was assigned to the 1st Battleship Division on 1 December. 3 turret formerly on display at the, A rudder and a section of propeller shaft were on display at the Arashiyama Art Museum until it closed around 1991. [41], The nearby Fusō immediately launched two boats which, together with the destroyers Tamanami and Wakatsuki and the cruisers Tatsuta and Mogami, rescued 353 survivors from the 1,474 crew members and visitors aboard Mutsu; 1,121 men were killed in the explosion. In 1970, the Fukada Salvage Company began salvage operations that lasted until 1978 and scrapped about 75% of the ship. The sole surviving battleship, Mutsu’s sister ship Nagato, was used as an atomic bomb target at Bikini Atoll in 1947. 3 magazine could have raised the temperature to a level sufficient to ignite the highly sensitive black-powder primers stored in the magazine and thus cause the explosion. Funding for the ship had partly come from donations from schoolchildren. [16] Her seaplanes bombed targets in Shanghai on 24 August before she returned to Sasebo the following day. On Tuesday 8 June 1943 the Mutsu was moored at the Battleship Division 2 flagship buoy No.2 in the Hashirajima fleet anchorage approximately 3 km (1.9 mi) south-west of the island of Hashirajima and just to the west of Mitsuhima island in the Inland Sea, hosting 113 flying cadets and 40 instructors from the Tsuchiura Naval Air Group on a familiarization tour. [3], During a refit in 1924 the fore funnel was rebuilt in a serpentine shape in an unsuccessful effort to prevent smoke interference with the bridge and fire-control systems. The survivors of Mutsu were dispersed across the fleet and sworn to secrecy; some of the families of the dead were not informed of the cause of the loss until after the war. The Washington Naval Conferenceconvened on 12 Novembe… She quickly capsized, taking 248 officers and men with her. She returned to Japan in early 1943. Mutsu, named for Mutsu Province, was laid down at the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal on 1 June 1918 and launched on 31 May 1920. The rangefinders in No. On June 8, 1943, Mutsu exploded at anchor. [2] July 1944: The oiled-starved IJN cut a hole in the bottom of MUTSU’s hulk and pump out 580-tons of fuel oil for use by their ships in Operation Take ("Bamboo"). [42], After the explosion, as the rescue operations commenced, the fleet was alerted and the area was searched for Allied submarines, but no traces were found. [30], Mutsu, named for Mutsu Province,[31] was laid down at the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal on 1 June 1918 and launched on 31 May 1920. [36][37] Following the loss of all four carriers on 4 June, Yamamoto attempted to lure the American forces west to within range of the Japanese air groups at Wake Island, and into a night engagement with his surface forces, but the American forces withdrew and Mutsu saw no action. The Mutsu sunk as a result of an internal explosion in 1943. 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